There are several kinds of pillars that are used in separate areas of construction. The column is a vertical structural component that carries stresses primarily through compression. It may move loads from a ceiling, a floor slab, a roof slab, or a brace to a floor or a foundation.
Columns also commonly take twisting times about one or both of the cross-section cores. Various kinds of pillars used in building construction will be discussed in this paper.
Types of Columns in Building Construction
Columns are classified based on the several conditions which include:
1. Based on Types of Reinforcement
2. Based on Types of Loading
3. Based on Slenderness Ratio
4. Based on Shape
5. Based on Construction Material.
Based on Types of Reinforcement
1. Tied Column: This sort of pillar is usually made of reinforced concrete. Longitudinal strengthening is restricted within the strengthening of the knot tightly spaced. It is projected that 95% of all building pillars are linked.
2. Spiral Column: Spiral strengthening provides directional restraints on the impact of Poisson and longitudinal ductile load inability.
3. Composite column: A composite column in the shape of the structural steel segment or pipe with or without longitudinal pillars, the longitudinal strengthening is called a composite column. In relation to showing excellent flame efficiency, this sort of beam has elevated power with a relatively tiny cross-section.
4. Axially Loaded Column: Axially Loaded Column If vertical axial forces affect the center of gravity of the column cross-section, it is called an axially charged column. Axially charged stone is uncommon in the building because it is not practical to match vertical stresses at the middle of gravity of the cross-section of the beam. An instance of this sort of pillar is the interior pillar of multi-story structures with symmetrical loads from ground plates from all angles. Read More
5. A column with Uniaxial Eccentric Loading: A column with Uniaxial Eccentric Loading If vertical forces do not align with the core of gravity of the cross-section of the repeat, but behave eccentrically either on the X or Y axis of the cross-section of the beam, it is called uniaxially eccentric charging beam.
6. A column with Biaxial Eccentric Loading: A column with Biaxial Excentric Loading If the vertical column does not coincide with the center of gravity of the section of the column and does not act on either axis, the column is called a biaxially excentric loaded column. Biaxial charging towers are prevalent in angle towers with rigidly linked beams at the bottom of pillars at correct corners. Columns are classified as follows: 6 based on the slenderness proportion efficient length.
6(a). Short Column: Short Column The column is called the short column if the effective length of the column to the least lateral dimension is less than 12. By crushing (pure compression failure), a short column fails.
6(b). Long Column: Long Column If the column’s effective ratio of length to the minimum lateral dimension exceeds 12, it is called the long column. By twisting or buckling, a lengthy row succeeds.
Based on Reinforced Concrete Column
1. Square or Rectangular Column: Shape Square or rectangular column Usually used in building design. Because of the difficulty of shuttering and supporting it from collapse owing to stress while the concrete is still in flowable shape, it is much easier to build and mount triangular or square pillars than circular structures.
2. Circular column: Circular matrix They are particularly intended pillars, mostly used in building piling and altitude.
3. L-Shape Column: L-Shape Column Commonly, the L-shaped matrix is used in the angles of the border sheet and has comparable triangular or square stone features.
4. T-Shape Column: T-Shape column used depending on a structure’s layout specifications. The t-shaped beam is commonly used in bridge building.
5. The shape of the Steel Column: Steel Column Shape The form of the steel pillars shown in Fig are distinct normal and constructed up. Common steel column forms include I, channel, angle equivalent, and T-shape.
6. The shape of the Composite Column: The usual shape of composite columns is Based on Construction Material Types of columns based on construction materials include Reinforced Concrete, Steel, timber, Brick, Block, and Stone Column.
Read More;
