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What is the Slab?
A concrete slab is a popular structural component in contemporary structures, composed of a plain, horizontal poured concrete layer. Steel-reinforced plates, typically between 100 and 500 mm dense, are most frequently used to build walls and walls, while thicker plates can be used to pave the outside.
Different Types of concrete slabs in construction
Construction consists of 16 distinct kinds of slabs. Some of them are obsolete and many are used everywhere frequently. Below are the concrete slab kinds.
Flat Slab
The flat slab is a slab of reinforced concrete supported by columns or caps of concrete. There are no columns on the flat plate, so it is also called a beamless plate. On pillars themselves, they are backed. Loads are transmitted straight to pillars. A simple roof is thus acquired in this form of building, providing an appealing look from an artistic point of perspective. The simple roof diffuses the heat faster than the traditional column plate building and is deemed less susceptible in the event of flames. The plain plate is simpler to build and needs less shaping. This is one of the concrete slabs kinds. Read More
The thickness of the Flat slab is a minimum of 8″ (200mm).
Use of Flat Slabs
- In the formwork Larger headroom or smaller story height & pleasant design to provide simple roof layer providing stronger air distribution Easy constructability with efficiency
- Usually used in parking decks, business houses, restaurants or locations where beam predictions are not wanted, this type of plates are given in parking Flat plates.
Advantages of Flat Slab
- It minimizes floor-to-floor heights when a profound false ceiling is not required
- The auto sprinkler can be decreased in building height
- Less moment to build
- It improves the slab’s shear strength
- Reduce time in the slab by decreasing the transparent or efficient length of the slab.
Disadvantages of Flat Slab
- It is not feasible to have a big range in the plain panel scheme
- Not suitable for supporting brittle (masonry) partitions
- Higher slab thickness.
There are four different types of concrete Flat Slabs
- Slab without drop and column without column head(capital)
- Slab with drop and column without column head
- Slab without drop and column with a column head
- Slab with drop and column with a column head.
Conventional Slab
The plate on beams and pillars that are endorsed is called a standard plate. The thickness of the slab is small in this type, whereas the beam depth is large and the load is transferred to beams and columns afterward. Compared to the plain plate, it needs more formwork. There is no need to provide panel caps in the conventional plate form. The conventional slab thickness is 4′′ or 10 cm. If the wood receives frequent high loads, such as engine vehicles or trash carts, 5′′ to 6′′ inches is suggested.
Based on the length and breadth of Conventional the slab is classified into two types:
Hollow-Core Ribbed Slab or Hollow-Core Slab
Hollowcore ribbed slabs derive their name from the voids or cores which run through the units. The cores can function as service ducts and significantly reduce the self-weight of the slabs, maximizing structural efficiency. The cores also have a benefit in sustainability terms in reducing the volume of concrete used. Units are generally available in standard 1200 mm widths and depths from 110 mm to 400 mm. There is total freedom in the length of units. These types of slabs are Precast and it is used where the construction has to be done fast.
The hollow core ribbed slabs run through them with four to six longitudinal cores, the primary purpose of the core being to lower the weight and material within the floor while maintaining maximum strength. The slabs are reinforced with a steel strand of 12 mm diameter, operating longitudinally, to further boost the resistance.
Hollow-core ribbed slabs have great distance capacities, reaching a capability of 2.5 kN / m2 over a 16 m period. The long-range capacity is perfect for the development of warehouses, wholesale or vehicle parks. Depending on the demands, units are mounted with or without a decorative screen. With a soft pre-finished soffit, slabs come on site. In-car parks and other open structures, Pre-finished soffits offer a maintenance-free solution. This is one of the concrete slabs kinds.
Advantages of Hollow-Core Ribbed Slab
- Not only does the Hollow base ribbed plate decrease construction expenses
- It also decreases the structure’s general weight
- Other characteristics of the hollow core slab owing to its
- Densities are excellent fire resistance and sound insulation
- It eliminates the need for electrical and plumbing unit plates to be drilled
- Installation is easy and involves less work
- For the reinforcement of the blank block masonry, no extra formwork or any unique construction machinery
is needed.
Disadvantages of Hollow-Core Ribbed Slab
- The blank center ribbed plate devices may be harmed during
- Transportation if not treated correctly
- Producing adequate associations between the precast
- Employees become hard
- Special gear for raising and shifting the prefabricated devices must be arranged
- Not inexpensive for tiny periods
- Hard to fix and reinforce.
Hardy Slab
Hardy sheet is made of hardy bricks. Hardy bricks are hollow bricks consisting of Hollow concrete blocks. These parts are used to complete the plate sections. Hardy plates save the quantity of concrete, thus reducing the slab’s own weight. This type of slab is 0.27 m thicker than the standard one.The dimensions of Hardy brick is 40cm x 20cm x 20cm
Where to use Hardy Slab?
Hardy plate is used in very elevated conditions. The temperature is improved from the bottom of the plate size to withstand. Wall warmth is prevented by using unique rocks containing thermacol. Thermalcol is the sunlight’s finest insulator.
Advantages of Hardy Slab
- Reducing slab weight by reducing the amount of concrete below the neutral axis
- Ease of construction, especially when all beams are hidden beams
- Economic spans > 5 m with moderate living load: hospitals, office buildings, and residential buildings
- Enhanced sound and heat insulation.
DisAdvantages of Hardy Slab
- If not treated correctly, during travel, hollow-core ribbed brick devices may suffer
- Not financial for short span
- Difficult to fix and reinforce.
